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General Studies Paper I · Subtopic

Environmental ecology

Official syllabus

General issues on Environmental ecology, Bio-diversity and Climate Change - that do not require subject specialization.

UPSC CSE 2026 notification

What this covers

Ecology examines interactions among organisms and the physical setting. A habitat is a place and set of conditions; an ecosystem includes interacting living and non-living components and processes.

Key ideas

  • organisms
  • habitat
  • interaction
  • disturbance

Official wording is from UPSC's Civil Services Examination 2026 notification, the current baseline for CSE 2027 preparation. Always check the latest notification at upsc.gov.in. Scopes and key ideas are CSE One's study map and are being expanded.

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