General Studies I · Subtopic
Salient features of Indian society
Official syllabus
Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India.
UPSC CSE 2026 notification
What this covers
Salient features are recurring patterns that help explain Indian society; they are not claims that every community is identical. Study the coexistence of continuity and rapid change, social hierarchy and mobility, strong family and community networks, rural-urban interdependence, religious and linguistic plurality, democratic participation and unequal access to resources. Each feature should be tested across regions, classes, genders and generations. Historical institutions matter, but contemporary markets, law, education, migration, media and political mobilization continually reinterpret them.
Key ideas
- Continuity and change
- Hierarchy and social mobility
- Family kinship and community
- Rural urban interdependence
- Plural identities
- Democratic participation
- Informal and formal institutions
- Regional and generational variation