General Studies II · Subtopic
Formal and informal associations
Official syllabus
Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary—Ministries and Departments of the Government; pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity.
UPSC CSE 2026 notification
What this covers
Compare associations with registered structures and more fluid collective networks by membership, authority, claims and public accountability.
Key ideas
- Association freedom
- Formal organization
- Informal networks
- Collective action
- Accountability of claims